Field Projects:

1988-1991:

Numerous field campaigns to measure coupling of atmospheric sound with ground motion, as well as to measure soil properties in fields by acoustical methods.

1992:

NASA FIRE project. Data analysis of cirrus crystal observations made with the replicator.

Toga Coare, ran the replicator on the NASA DC8 to obtain images of ice crystals in tropical cirrus clouds. (Flew over a hurricane one day!)

1994:

DOE ARM site at the SGP CART site, north central Oklahoma. Ran the replicator and cloud scope on the Univ. of North Dakota Citation aircraft.

1997: 1998:

Two more campaigns of the same type in 1994.

1996-2003:

Numerous aerosol optics, and combustion measurements as follows:

EL NINO clouds. Attempted to fix the DRI cloudscope on the NOAA P3 aircraft during measurements off of the coast of Monterey CA, in conjunction with the El-Nino year, and associated floods.

NFRAQS. First fielding of the photoacoustic instrument, in Brighton CO. Measured light absorption in Dec 1995? and Jan 1996 at 532 nm adn 685 nm. Resulted in two publications. John Walker and I did the field work and data analysis.

DOE-CARAT, the Al Gore car project. Measured emissions from light duty diesel trucks, mostly to evaluate methods for real time measurements of aerosol mass and black carbon concentration.

DOD-SERDP University of Utah, Measured emissions from light duty gasoline, diesel, and JP-8 vehicles, mostly to evaluate methods for real time measurements of aerosol mass and black carbon concentration. Also measured emissions directly from tethered FA-18A fighter jet aircraft at North Island Navy air base.

DOD-SERDP El Paso, Fort Blyss. Measured emission rates of scattering aerosol from military vehicles operated on dirt roads.

DOE-ARM Photoacoustic IOP. Measured aerosol light absorption via my photoacoustic instrument, in collaboration with fellows at NOAA CMDL. Purpose was to evaluate methods for aerosol light absorption measurement.

DOE-NREL Gas diesel Split Project. Measured PM and black carbon emissions from gasoline and diesel vehicles operated on dynamometers, to quantify amounts, and to study methods of separating the contributions of gasoline and diesel vehicles to air pollution in cities like LA. We also did ambient measurements at Azusa and LA North Main, LA Water and Power, locations, as well as in our mobile laboratory on the streets of LA. It was a long, 4 month project held mostly in Riverside CA.

RENO AEROSOL OPTICS EXPERIMENT, JUNE 2002. Hosted a measurement comparison (aerosol Optics) in our laboratory at DRI, in collaboration with NOAA CMDL (Pat Sheridan, John Ogren). Researchers from Thermoanderson, NOAA CMDL, DRI, NASA AMES, Portland State University, and University of Washington participated with their instruments.

LAS VEGAS CARBON STUDY, Dec2002 - Feb 2003. measured black carbon, elemental carbon, organic carbon, and aerosol optics by numerous methods with our instruments in a tough shed on East Charleston Street, Las Vegas. Very rich data set for instrument comparison and location air pollution quantification.

DOE ARM IOP 2003, May. Major aerosol optics experiment involving both the ground site at the CART SITE, SGP, as well as the CIRPAS Twin Otter. FIRST TIME FOR MEASUREMENT OF AEROSOL LIGHT ABSORPTION ALOFT USING THE PHOTOACOUSTIC METHOD!

NSF AND DOD C-STRIPE PROJECT. July 2003. Measured aerosol light absorption aloft using the photoacoustic instrument. Excellent opportunity to compare with the DMT soot photometer, and to measure major fire smoke aloft from city burning as well as tank fires. Also measurements were obtained in marine stratus.

FIRE SCIENCE LABORATORY Missoula Montana. November 2003. Measured aerosol optics and hydration for controlled fires with selected fuels, in their excellent laboratory.

2004:

In January I carted my 532 nm photoacoustic instrument with scattering sensor attached to Storm Peak Laboratory at Steamboat Springs ski area in CO, to assist with the Mountain Meteorology course taught for UNR students at this location. This two week project saw very little black carbon or other aerosol, though I did learn a lot about actinic flux measurements by assisting other students. I also learned a lot about mountain meteorology, super cooled clouds, and how to make my new skis do some pretty amazing things.

May (3 weeks) EPA sponsored project (Pilot Study) to measure particulate from gasoline powered vehicles in Kansas City Kansas. We wrote Labview code to control photoacoustic instrument (1047 nm), and two nephelometers (TSI DustTrak and Thermo Electron Mie Dataram4) to provide data from vehicles tested on dynamometers. We also wrote code to control a filter sampler automated to respond to TTL signals from the dyno, to sample vehicle exhaust onto quartz and teflon filters.

July 5 - October 15. Continuation of the above EPA sponsored project to phase 1, wherein 250 vehicles were studied. John Walker and Sebastian Upallalli handled all the field work on this one, and I followed it from home through daily data updates.

August 1 - 22. My 532 nm photoacoustic instrument with scattering sensor attached was using in the ICARTT project. This large international project is to understand aerosol generation, dispersion, and life cycle for air masses originating in the North East US We flew out of Cleveland Hopkin International airport, and found mostly sulfate aerosol downwind of powerplants, and a little black carbon. I learned a lot about the Aerodyne Mass Spectrometer as I attempted to assist once in awhile with debugging strange response. Cleveland was quite nice, with a number of parks (reservations) to take long jogs or rollerblade trips, and we found some time to work out as well. The weather was not very cooperative, and cleaned the sky more often than not.

September - October. Health Effects Institute funded project to measure air pollution on the road in Los Angeles, especially towards the exposure of passengers in vehicles. Two photoacoustic instruments were used, 1047 nm on the road, and 532 nm at the fixed site in Los Angeles. I provided instruments and training for the project and it was carried out by Aaron, Dave Campbell, and Eric Fujita.

November - December. Continuation of the HEI project to the winter season.

2005:

10 Jan - 1 April Continuation of the EPA sponsored project in 2004 to phase 2, the winter stage, wherein emissions from vehicles under cold conditions are obtained and compared with those during the warmer seasons of 2004. Again John Walker and Sebastian Upallalli will likely handle all field aspects of this project.

15 Jan - May. Environment of Canada, will deploy one photoacoustic instrument on their instrumented van to measure black carbon in Toronto, and then on to the west coast of Canada. This is but one of many instruments (including the Aerodyne Mass Spectrometer) to assist with determining how much air pollution is present, and the likely sources of such air pollution. I will hopefully install and train the EC people on the instrument and then let them run it for the remainder of the project.

2006:

March 2006. MILAGRO project. We installed and operated photoacoustic instruments for light absorption and scattering by aerosol at sites in Mexico City, Rancho Bisnaga, Paseo de Cortes, Tecamac University.

2006-2007:

FLAME 1 and 2 fire smoke optics measurements at the Fire Science Laboratory in Missoula Montana, DOE, National Parks funding. (about 1 month per year during summer).

2008:

Reno Aerosol Optics Study, July 2008 - ??, measuring and comparing aerosol optics in Reno during each season, especially contrasting smoky months with adjacent cleaner months.